医生常说的氮质血症到底是啥

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氮质血症指的是含氮物质储存在血液中，通常是以血清中肌酐和尿素氮的上升为判断依据，严重的氮质血症会导致尿毒症。然而氮质血症主要是肾前性，肾性，肾后性这三个因素导致的，临床上通常对这三种因素加以区别。

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当机体休克或者严重脱水时会导致肾脏灌注不足，从而造成肾脏对肌酐的滤过作用降低，大量的尿素也无法排泄导致尿素蓄积融入血液中。所以所有导致动物休克或严重脱水的疾病都会造成肾前性氮质血症。而肾性氮质血症是因为肾脏受到损伤，例如肾炎，肾衰竭，肾结石等。肾后性氮质血症指的是肾脏后方的泌尿系统出现问题，涉及到输尿管﹑膀胱﹑尿道的堵塞﹑破裂﹑穿孔，尿液无法排出体外，毒素重吸收至血液造成的，并且尿液逆行向上至肾脏导致肾脏损伤。