转贴点知识

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PUPPY PROOFING YOUR HOME
让小狗“检阅”你的家

Before bringing your puppy home, you'll need to "puppyproof" your house. Puppies are like babies: they want to explore every corner of your house, and they want to put everything into their mouths.
在你将小狗带回家之前，你需要“狗阅”自己家。因为小狗就像婴孩一样，热衷于“研究”家里的每一个角落，并尝试把所有东东都放进嘴里。

Here's a simple checklist to make sure your home is safe before letting Rover run free:
这里是一个简单的清单，用以提醒你在让小东西自由活动之前，确保你屋子里是安全的。

Make sure all poisonous household items are securely stored out of the puppy's reach
确定所有有毒的家居用品都安全的收藏到小狗碰不到的地方。

Did you put the household cleaners, laundry detergents, bleach, disinfectants, insecticides, cleaning fluid, fertilizers, mothballs, antifreeze, insect poisons, rat poisons and other items in cabinets or on high shelves? These items can be deadly to your puppy. As your new puppy grows, he will be able to explore higher places and be tempted to jump up on shelves.

你是否将清洁用品，洗涤剂，漂白粉，消毒剂，杀虫剂，清洁剂，化肥，樟脑球，防冻剂，杀虫药，老鼠药以及其他同类物品放进橱柜内或者比较高的架子上了？因为这些东西对于狗狗来说有致命的危险。值得注意的是，随着狗狗的长大，它们可以接触到更高的地方并且可能慢慢尝试着跳到较高的架子上。

Check your plants
检查植物

Many plants in and around your house can be threatening to your pup. Did you know that the pits of apricots and peaches, as well as spinach and tomato vines, can make your puppy sick and, in large dosages, can even be fatal? Click here to learn about more plants that you should keep away from Spot. For a more complete list of dangerous doggie plants, consult your vet.
很多室内的或生长在房子周围的植物都可能威胁到狗狗。你知道么？杏核，桃核还有菠菜和西红柿秧可以导致狗狗生病。如果大量的话，甚至导致狗狗死亡。点击这里，你可以了解更多对狗狗有害的植物，以便避免这些植物在家里和周围出现。如果想知道更全面的对狗狗有害的植物，可以请教一下兽医。

Look at your house from your puppy's point of view
从狗狗的角度观察你的房间

Get down on all fours and look around. Are there any dangling electric cords, loose nails, plastic bags or other tempting objects that will be in puppy's reach? If there are, be sure to put them away immediately.
四肢触地，模仿狗狗的样子来观察四周。房间内有没有悬垂摇摆的电线，松动的钉子，塑料袋或者其他类似能吸引狗狗物品？如果有，请立刻清理。

SOME ADDITIONAL TIPS
补充的小贴示

Never leave your puppy unsupervised inside or outside, and keep him off balconies, upper porches and high decks
无论在室内还是室外，不要让狗狗再无人照料的情况下单独活动。让狗狗远离阳台，高的门廊和甲板。

Puppies, no matter what breed, are so little that they can slip through openings and fall. Puppies may also get tangled in ropes or the plastic from six-pack beverage holders. Cut these items apart to prevent problems.

不管是什么品种的狗，由于他们还小，都有可能从空穴滑落。小狗还很容易被绳子或者6包装易拉罐的塑料固定包装绳缠绕。请及时清理这些东西，以免发生问题。

Keep your toilet lid down
注意将抽水马桶的盖子保持盖上的状态。

Puppies are often tempted to play in toilet bowl water. This habit can be awful to break. Not only is it embarrassing when friends or family are visiting, but toilet cleanser may be harmful if swallowed.
狗狗经常企图在抽水马桶中玩耍，这个习惯是很危险的。不仅会在亲戚朋友来家拜访时让主人大丢面子，而且如果狗狗咽下马桶里的清洗液是十分有害的。

Unplug, remove or cover any electrical cords in your puppy's confinement area。
拔掉、移开或者藏起狗狗活动区域里的电源线。

Chewing on these cords can cause severe mouth burns, electrocution and fires. It is also a good idea to cover electrical outlets, when they are not in use.
啃咬这些电线可能会严重灼伤狗狗的嘴巴，电死狗狗或者发生火灾。最好将不常用的电源插口盖起来。

Keep buttons, string, sewing needles, pins and other sharp objects out of your puppy's reach
将纽扣，线，缝衣针，别针和其他锋利物体放在狗狗够不到的地方。

If your puppy swallows any of these objects, he can damage his mouth and internal organs.
如果你的狗狗不慎将以上任何物品吞下，都会伤害他们的嘴巴和内部器官。

Do not tie ribbons around your puppy's neck
不要将丝带系在狗狗的脖子上。

Puppy may be tempted to chew the ribbon, which can cause digestive problems. He could also choke himself if he catches the ribbon on anything.
狗狗可能试图啃咬丝带，这样会导致消化问题。如果带子钩在其他物体上，还可能导致狗狗窒息。

Problem Plants for Puppies
对于幼犬而言的问题植物

If your puppy has a tendency to nibble on grass, don't be alarmed. If his vegetarian habits continue and he tries to nibble on any of the following plants, STOP him, or you could have a few problems on your hands. These plants may make your puppy sick and may even kill him. Remember, this is not a complete list of dangerous plants. You'll need to talk with your vet to learn more about these and other plants that can be harmful to your pup.
如果你的小狗有在草地上轻咬的倾向，不要惊慌。但是如果你的小狗食草的习惯继续发展，并倾向于咬任何矮小的植物，一定要制止它。这些植物可能导致你的狗狗生病甚至死亡。记住，这里提供的有害植物的清单是不完整的，你需要向宠物医生请教更多这方面的知识，了解更多对小狗有害的植物。

SUPPLIES TO BUY
需置备的物品

Before bringing your puppy home, purchase the following supplies. Preparing in advance for the arrival of your new pal will allow you and your puppy to spend time getting to know each other.
在把狗狗带回家以前，购买下列物品。最好在狗狗来到你家之前就买好，这样你和狗狗就有充足的时间彼此熟悉了

Food and Water Bowls
食物和水碗

Select bowls that won't tip over. Make sure they're easy to clean, since they will need to be washed daily. Purchase separate bowls for food and water. You may want to buy smaller bowls at first, and upgrade to larger ones as your puppy grows. This will keep him from getting buried under a heaping pile of dog food or from falling in his water bowl every time he drinks.
选择那些不爱翻倒并易于清洗的碗，因为狗狗的碗你必须每天清洗。还要注意选择那些储水和放食物分开的碗。你应该在开始的时候买一个小的，然后随着狗狗的长大更换大碗。这样狗狗就不至于埋在一大堆狗食里或者每次喝水的时候都掉到水碗里了。

Collar
项圈

There are a variety of lightweight collars available for your puppy. Regardless of the collar style you choose for your puppy, remember to attach an identification tag listing your puppy's name, your address and phone number.
市场上有很多分量轻的项圈供你选择。无论你选择什么样的，请记得在上面挂一个标牌注明狗狗的名字，你的地址和电话。

Your puppy's first collar should be made of lightweight nylon or leather. To measure your puppy's collar size, measure his neck and add two inches. To ensure that the collar fits properly, you should be able to slide two fingers between the collar and your puppy's neck. If your fingers fit comfortably, you have the right size collar
你狗狗的第一个项圈应该是用重量轻的尼龙或者皮革做的。项圈的大小是狗狗脖子的尺寸加2英寸。确定项圈是否合适的方法是如果在狗狗脖子和项圈之间的缝隙里可以放下你的两个手指，那么项圈的尺寸就是合适的。

Leash
牵引带

Leashes come in a variety of styles, such as leather, nylon and retractable, and a in variety of lengths. A six-foot leash is the ideal length for both training and walking.
牵引带有很多种，比如说皮革的，尼龙的，可伸缩的，也有各种长度的。不论用于训练还是散步，一般说来6英尺的长度比较合适。

Always keep your puppy on his leash unless he is in a fenced-in area. Many states and cities have leash laws, which make it mandatory for your puppy to be on his leash at all times, even at public parks and playgrounds. Under these laws, you can be fined if caught with your puppy off his leash. Remember to clean up after your puppy if he goes to the bathroom in a public place, such as a park or a neighbour’s lawn.
如果狗狗没有在栅栏内，请保证时刻用牵引带牵住你的狗狗。许多国家和城市都有这项法律，强制要求狗狗这任何时间都不脱离牵引带，公园和运动场也不例外。在这样的法律条文下，如果你的狗狗被发现脱离牵引带，你将会被罚款。请记住，及时清理你的狗狗再公众场合的大小便，比如在公园或邻居的草坪上。

Grooming Supplies
美容工具

Make sure you have the proper grooming tools. These will differ depending on your puppy's coat. For shorthaired breeds, use a brush with natural bristles, a rubber currycomb or a hand mitt. A sturdy wide-toothed metal comb is needed for longhaired breeds. Be sure to include a flea comb in your grooming supplies, and begin by establishing a weekly grooming program with your puppy as quickly as possible.
确保你有美容工具。这要根据狗狗的不同皮毛来决定。对于那些短毛品种，一个普通的刚毛刷子，一个橡胶马梳和一个橡胶手套就足够了。坚硬宽齿的金属梳子适用于长毛的品种。再请准备一个跳蚤箅子。要每周定期给狗狗梳理毛发。

Toys
玩具
All puppies need toys to help them exercise and to provide them with a safe way to satisfy their chewing cravings. Be sure to choose toys that are made for puppies and cannot be splintered, torn apart or swallowed. Large rawhide chips, nylon chews and hard rubber balls are fun and safe. As a general rule, if the toy can fit comfortably in a puppy's mouth, it's too small.
所有狗狗都需要玩具以帮助它们锻炼和提供一个磨牙的安全方法。选择那些专门为狗狗设计的不易咬碎的和不易被咽下的玩具。大的生牛皮条，尼龙咬件和大橡胶球都是又有趣又安全的。总的来说，如果玩具很容易就放到狗狗的嘴里，就太小了。

Your puppy's Toy Chest should be free from the following items
以下几项是不被提倡用于狗狗玩具的：

- Sponge toys or items with hard, sharp points or attachments which can break off and be dangerous if swallowed.
带有尖硬的部分玩具或者海绵玩具。这些部分如果脱落被咽下会很危险。

- Shoes or other personal clothing. Giving your puppy these items will only teach him that it's okay to chew your shoes and rip holes in your shirts.
鞋子和其他衣服。把这些物品给狗狗，无疑是告诉它们可以随便咬你的衣服和鞋子。

- Balls of string, yarn, cellophane, plastic baggies and other household goods that could get lodged in your puppy's throat causing him to choke or suffocate.
线球，纱线，玻璃纸，塑料袋和其他居家用品。这些物品会卡在狗狗的喉咙里，导致它窒息或者噎住。

- Children's toys made of soft rubber, fur, wool, sponge or plastic. If your puppy swallows a small particle of any of these materials, it could cause digestive problems.
由软橡胶，毛皮，羊毛，海绵或塑料制成的儿童玩具。如果狗狗咽下这些材料的碎片可能导致消化问题。

Puppy Food
狗狗食物

Start your puppy on the right track with the essential nutrition of a balanced puppy food. For more information on feeding and nutrition, click here.
要在开始的时候把狗狗带到食用营养均衡的狗粮的正道上去。需要更多的喂养及营养方面的资料，请点击这里。

Crate or Sleeping Bed
箱式狗窝和睡床

Your puppy will need a warm, comfortable place to sleep. A crate provides a den for your puppy when you are not home. Your puppy's crate should be large enough for him to stand up, turn around and lie down and should have adequate ventilation. Even if you crate your puppy, you should have a separate sleeping bed for when you are at home. Make sure you buy a puppy-sized bed rather than an adult-sized bed, so your puppy will feel safe and snug.
狗狗需要一个暖和，舒适的地方睡觉。当你不在家的时候，箱式狗窝为狗狗提供了一个睡觉的好地方。狗狗的窝必须足够大，可以让狗狗在里面随意地站起来，转身，躺下而且通风良好。即使你是在笼子里面养狗狗，你在家的时候也应当给狗狗准备一张床。你要购买幼犬床，而不是成犬床，这样你的狗狗会感到安全和暖和。

Stain and scent remover
污渍和异味去除剂

Special formulated stain and scent remover takes the odour away from a puppy's nose, as well as yours. Conventional household products not found in the pet aisle or a pet supply store mask the odor to humans, but not puppies. If you use a conventional household product to clean up after your puppy, don't be alarmed if he keeps repeating himself at the same spot. He's merely trying to mark his territory.
专用的污渍及异味去除剂可以成功的为你和狗狗去除异味。常用的家庭清洁剂不是为狗狗而准备，那些通常只能做到让人闻不到，而不是狗狗。如果你在狗狗大小便之后，只是用普通的清洁剂处理，那么当狗狗在同一处重复大小便时，你不要奇怪。狗狗只是试图确认自己的领地。

Book on puppy care
狗狗护理的书籍

Place this handy reference guide on a shelf in your bedroom, den or kitchen. You never know when you'll need a quick answer.
将参考书籍放在你卧室的书架上或者厨房里。你不知道什么需要它们的帮助。

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